Transformation brought to Duisburg by the China-Europe Railway Express: From a City of steel and coal to Europe's freight hub

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Transformation brought to Duisburg by the China-Europe Railway Express: From a City of steel and coal to Europe's freight hub

2023-08-24 02:18:30 来源：羊城派

Duisburg, located in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, is home to the largest and most versatile inland port in the country, and indeed the world - the Port of Duisburg. Today, the sounds of trains, cargo ships" horns, and the rumble of trucks reverberate both within and around the port, forming a new symphony of vitality for the city. Once reliant on coal and steel industries, Duisburg is now seizing new opportunities for development through an unexpected source - the China-Europe Railway Express.

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Railway freight brings both goods and business opportunities

Among the nine freight stations in Duisburg, the DIT station stands out as the largest. Along the roads leading to the station, trucks carrying shipping containers with labels like "Xi"an Port" and "Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe" are a common sight. These containers from China are carried by the China-Europe Railway Express, and at the station, mechanical arms unload and stack the them neatly. Subsequently, these goods from China radiate out from Duisburg, entering the vast European market via waterways and road networks.

In 2011, the inaugural China-Europe Railway Express train of the "Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe" route arrived in Duisburg. Over the course of more than a decade, Duisburg has grown into a crucial European hub for the China-Europe Railway Express, boasting the largest number of runs, largest cargo volume, and highest freight value. Chinese Consul General in Dusseldorf, Du Chunguo, reveals that by March 2023, over 6,700 China-Europe Railway Express trains had arrived and departed from Duisburg, shuttling between Duisburg and more than 20 cities in China each week during peak periods.

RTSB Group, headquartered in Friedrichsdorf, Germany, was one of the first European companies to engage in China-Europe Railway Express operations. "In 2012, from Duisburg"s DIT station, we dispatched our first China-Europe Railway Express train, which headed to Shanghai, China," explains Dmitrij Hasenkampf, the Sales and Business Development General Manager. As the share of China-Europe Railway Express operations grew, RTSB developed an innovative operational system centered around the rail route, involving departments responsible for tasks such as truck transportation and cargo transfer. Hasenkampf expressed the hope that these innovations will make the trains faster and more reliable.

TEBO established its headquarters in Duisburg. CEO Dong Wanxu, a logistics professional, identified the potential of rail transport early on during his entrepreneurship in China. After the launch of the "Belt and Road Initiative", Dong recognized the market prospects for the China-Europe Railway Express. In late 2017, he chose Duisburg as the location to establish a rail transport company dedicated to managing the European segment of the China-Europe Railway Express. As policies related to railways and customs were optimized, the efficiency of the China-Europe Railway Express continued to rise, and the company attracted a roster of loyal customers. "At its peak, the company independently operated over 1,500 China-Europe Railway Express trains per year," Dong said.

The lasting friendship between Duisburg and China

On March 29, 2014, Chinese leaders visited the Port of Duisburg to welcome the arrival of a "Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe" China-Europe Railway Express train.

Markus Teuber, Commissioner for China Affairs of the Duisburg City Government, noted that after the visit, Duisburg"s visibility in China significantly increased, attracting numerous Chinese businesses and institutions to invest locally. In the same year, Duisburg introduced the position of a China Affairs Commissioner, responsible for fostering relations between Duisburg and China. At the time, Duisburg hosted around 40 Chinese companies, and the number that has now surpassed 120. "According to statistics, these companies have brought over a thousand industrial jobs to Duisburg."

Sammy, hailing from Romania, secured a job opportunity due to these developments. In June of this year, Chinese logistics company Western Post"s Duisburg Overseas Warehouse became the first overseas logistics hub for the "Yiwu-Xinjiang-Europe" China-Europe Railway Express route. Sammy is a forklift driver here. On weekday afternoons, he skillfully operates the forklift alongside his colleagues, loading goods brought by the China-Europe Railway Express onto trucks. "Three years ago, it was the increased rail freight volume of the China-Europe Railway Express that gave me this job opportunity."

Consul General Du also shared a heartwarming story involving the China-Europe Railway Express. Due to the growth of the logistics industry, Duisburg faced a shortage of truck drivers. This led to the establishment of many truck driver training companies, where many young women enthusiastically participated in training and joined the workforce. "When you come to Duisburg, you can see many female drivers steering large trucks, becoming a beautiful sight in the local landscape."

In February of this year, the German Federal Statistical Office released data indicating that the bilateral trade volume between Germany and China in 2022 was 297.9 billion euros, marking that China has been Germany"s largest trading partner for seven consecutive years. The contribution of the China-Europe Railway Express to this achievement is undeniable. As Dmitrij Hasenkampf stated, "In 2013, few could believe that the rail market between China and Europe could achieve an annual volume exceeding 10,000 trains in such a short time."

【标题】中欧班列为杜伊斯堡带来改变：曾经的钢铁煤炭之城，如今的欧洲货运枢纽

坐落于德国北莱茵-威斯特法伦州的杜伊斯堡，有德国规模最大、功能最多，同时也是世界最大的内河港——杜伊斯堡港。如今，港口内外不断响起的火车、货轮的汽笛声与卡车的轰鸣声，成为这座城市散发新活力的伴奏乐章。曾以煤炭和钢铁作为支柱产业的杜伊斯堡，在环境治理和产业转型的过程中，正因一趟来自中国的货运列车——中欧班列，获得了新的发展机遇。

火车运来货物，也带来商机

杜伊斯堡9个货运场站中，DIT是最大的一个。在通往场站的路上，一辆辆集装箱卡车疾驰而过，箱体上常能看到“西安港”“渝新欧”等中文字样。这些集装箱来自中国，经由中欧班列到达杜伊斯堡。在场站里，机械臂将集装箱从列车下卸下，整齐码好。随后，这些来自中国的货物以杜伊斯堡为中心，或通过水路、或通过陆路，进入广袤的欧洲市场。

2011年，首趟中欧班列“渝新欧”抵达杜伊斯堡。十多年间，杜伊斯堡成为中欧班列运行班次最多、运量最大和货值最高的欧洲枢纽。中国驻杜塞尔多夫总领事杜春国介绍，截至2023年3月，抵离杜伊斯堡的中欧班列已累计达到6700余车次，高峰时期每周有70列火车往返于杜伊斯堡和中国的二十多个城市之间。

总部位于德国腓特烈斯多夫的RTSB集团是欧洲最早一批参与中欧班列运营的企业。“2012年，我们在杜伊斯堡的DIT场站，发出了我们运营的第一列中欧班列，前往中国上海。”销售与业务发展总经理Dmitrij Hasenkampf说，随着中欧班列运营业务占比增加，RTSB专门围绕中欧班列创新研发了一套运营系统，涉及卡车运输、货物转运等多个业务部门。他说，希望通过这一创新，让列车更快、更可靠。

德国跨欧亚班列运营有限公司则直接将总部设立在杜伊斯堡。总经理董万旭是物流专业出身，在中国创业初期，他就瞄准了铁路运输赛道。“一带一路”倡议提出后，董万旭察觉到了中欧班列的市场前景。2017年底，董万旭选址杜伊斯堡，成立铁路运输公司，专门负责中欧班列欧洲段的承运业务。随着铁路、海关等政策的优化，中欧班列的时效性一再提升，企业积累了一批中欧班列的忠实客户。“公司发展到最高峰时，一年自主运营的中欧班列就多达1500多列。”

杜伊斯堡与中国的情谊在延续

2014年3月29日，中国领导人来到杜伊斯堡港参观，并在港口码头迎接一列“渝新欧”中欧班列抵达。

杜伊斯堡市政府中国事务专员陶逸泊当年参与了此次访问的接待。他说，此次访问后，杜伊斯堡在中国的知名度明显提升，众多中国企业、机构到当地投资兴业。同年，杜伊斯堡开始设置中国事务专员这一职务，全面负责发展杜伊斯堡与中国之间的关系。彼时，杜伊斯堡大约有40家中国企业，到现在这个数字已经超过了120。“据统计，这些企业为杜伊斯堡带来了超过一千个工业岗位。”

来自罗马尼亚的Sammy就因此获得了工作机会。今年6月，中国物流企业西邮物流杜伊斯堡海外仓成为“义新欧”中欧班列首个境外物流枢纽集散中心。Sammy是这里的一名叉车司机。工作日的下午，他和同事一起，熟练驾驶着叉车，将中欧班列运来的货物，装上卡车。“三年前，因为中欧班列铁路货运量的增加，我才有了这个工作机会。”

杜春国总领事也讲述了一个因中欧班列而发生的小故事。由于物流产业的发展，杜伊斯堡卡车司机曾经一度紧缺，当地随之建立了很多卡车司机培训公司，许多年轻女性巾帼不让须眉，积极参加培训并且上岗。“当你来到杜伊斯堡时，能看到很多女性司机驾驶着大卡车，成为当地一道美丽的风景线。”

今年2月，德国联邦统计局公布数据：2022年德国和中国双边贸易额为2979亿欧元，中国连续第七年成为德国第一大贸易伙伴。这其中，中欧班列的贡献是显而易见的。正如Dmitrij Hasenkampf所说，“在2013年，很少有人能相信，中欧之间的铁路市场能在如此短的时间内达到每年超过10000辆的体量。”

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